A speech or language impairment is defined as a communication disorder such as stuttering, impaired articulation, language impairment, or a voice impairment that adversely affects a child’s educational performance (Friend, 2010). There are also many different concepts of language associated with speech and language disorders. Some of these are expressive language, receptive language, phonemes, morphemes, and semantics. Students who exhibit a language disorder may have chronic problems that can be related to any of the disorders listed above. However when students have a language disorder that cannot be identified they are referred to having specific language impairments or SLIs. Some students will have language delays, aphasia and even CAPDs which is central auditory processing disorders. Students that do not have a hearing loss, but their brains are not effectively interpreting the auditory information being put out.
In the schools you will find someone who is known as the Speech and Language Pathologist. This particular teacher is there to help and coach students who have a speech impairment or disorder. Many times schools simply call it “speech.” Last semester I got the opportunity to shadow a SLP for a day. Their job is incredible, and almost made me second guess my major choice. They see on average around 10-15 kids a day in their “office.” I noticed that the students loved going to speech. Although they didn’t think of it as a class during the day or therapy, it was fun to them. They evaluate a student is formal and informal means to determine whether the disorders are present or not and what they can do to help them. There are many interventions that are helping these types of students in school. They focus on blending the skills that speech and language pathologists can bring to help the overall instructional program and use communicational strategies if need be.
In the journal article that I read, it talked about speech