Unit 3 P4 Health And Social Care Study

1) Know How To Recognise Signs of Abuse

Physical Abuse: This can be biting, hitting, throwing things at or over so a service user is scalded, burnt, Shaking, suffocating, trying to force feed or causing any physical harm to a service user. Sexual Abuse: non penetrative sexual act can be forcing a service user to watch sexual activities, including watching sexual activities on the internet, forcing them to take part in sexual activities, behave in a sexually inappropriate way; penetrative act’s including rape and buggery. Emotional/Psychological Abuse: this can be bullying a service user, using threats or fear, making a person have low self esteem, making a service user feel they are worthless, exploitation, swearing at service user and verbal abuse and imposing inappropriate expectations.Financial Abuse: stealing money or property from a
service user, denying the service user access to their money, misappropriation and mismanagement of the service user finances especially with the elderly and those with learning difficulties.Institutional Abuse: Failure to maintain professional boundaries, misuse of information, authority or power over service user by staff in a health and social care setting, physical restraint, humiliation or bullying, inappropriate use of medication, denying privacySelf-Neglect: service user neglecting toilet or needs and personal hygiene, service users self-harming or engaging in neglectful behaviour such as refusing to eat or drink, service users actually causing body harm by cutting. Neglect By Others: not caring for an individual’s needs such as giving basic care such as not washing, toileting, feeding or personal care. | 1.1 | Physical Abuse: If a service user is being physically abused there may be bruising, bite marks, burn marks, you will see a change in behaviour, in extreme cases this can lead to death.Sexual Abuse: This can lead to self-harm, repeated urinary infection, inappropriate sexualised behaviour, loss of self esteem, depression, impaired ability to form relationships. Emotional/Psychological Abuse: This can cause loss of self-esteem and confidence; the service user can become withdrawn.Financial Abuse: The service user can become withdrawn, loose trust in other people which could mean they would become fearful, conforming and submissive also insecurity, their possessions may also disappear, power of attorney may be sort when service user cannot comprehend. | 1.2 |

1) Know How To Recognise Signs of Abuse

Institutional Abuse: loss of self esteem and confidence, loss control, submissive behaviour. Self-neglect or Neglect by others: self neglect by the service user or others such as weight loss, unkempt appearance, dehydration, signs of self-harm such as cuts, submissive or withdrawn behaviour. | 1.2 cont | A person’s age can determine whether they are more likely to be vulnerable if they are elderly or are a young child.The physical ability of a person such as frail, immature in development, any physical disability and sensory impairment Cognitive ability, how mature a person is, level of intellectual and education understanding, if a person has learning disabilities, mental health difficulties, depression, stress due to bereavement, divorce, illness or injury.Religion or culture, prejudice or discrimination if you are a refugee or you are a asylum-seekerSocio-economic such as Financial situation, setting or situation. | 1.3 |

2) Know How To Respond To Suspected Or Alleged Abuse

If I suspected the service user was being abused in any way I would first go to my manager and explain why I felt this way. If I still felt nothing was being done then I would then go to the area manager. I would explain why I felt the service user was being abused and what I had already done about the situation. If after that I still felt the abuse was still going on then I would contact the CQC (Care Quality Commission.) | 2.1 | If a service user confides in me and alleges that abuse has been taking place, I would first document what was said to me asking who the alleged abuser was, what had happened and where it had happened. It must be treated with importance and treated so. | 2.2 | All allegations must be written down in a clear and precise way, including the details the alleged or suspected abuse, this must signed, dated and witnessed. If there is an opportunity then photograph pictures can be used if there are any physical injuries.If electronic records are to be kept then a password protected system must be used.All manual or evidence records or information must be in a confidential area and only accessed by those that authorised to.Ensure that the importances of timescale are adhered to so that evidence is as reliable and has the validity.All evidence must be kept in secure storage such as financial records. | 2.3 |

3) Understand The National and Local Context of
Safeguarding and Protection from Abuse

National Policies: Criminal Record Bureau (CRB Checks), Independent Safeguarding Authority (ISA), The National Barring and Vetting Scheme (VBS), Safeguarding Adults National Policy (2009), “No Secrets” National Framework and Codes of Practice For Health and Social Care (2000)There is also the work of the Care Quality Commission “Every Child Matters”(2003), Common Assessment Framework (CAF), Working together to safeguard Children (2006)Local Systems: policies and procedures that your employer/organisation has in place, multi-agency adult protection arrangements for a locality, Local Area Agreements (LAAs) , Local Safeguarding Adults Boards (LSABs), The Scope of responsibility of Local Safeguarding Children’s Boards(LSCBs) protection committees, Local Area Agreements(LAAs). | 3.1 | Social workers are responsible for overseeing and safeguarding the people in their care.
Speaking to police if a matter becomes a safeguarding problem.Care assistants are responsible for giving care and fulfilling the needs of the person or persons they are visiting or whom are in the care home they work for.Residential therapists help to get people as mobile and independent as they can, also asses and implement any help or aid that the person may need.Health visitors can have a varied role from checking if mum and baby are doing well when returning from the hospital and checking on the elderly or any one no longer needing to stay in hospital but still needing some care if a wound needs tending. Residential children’s home workers help look after the welfare of the children, making sure that each child has their basic needs fulfilled as well as their educational and moral needs met.Nurses to care for those that need their help while they stay in hospital they see to a person’s personal needs report any changes in a person’s change in health.Gps’ prescribe medication they have wide knowledge of illnesses. | 3.2
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3) Understand The National and Local Context of
Safeguarding and Protection from Abuse

Voluntary groups such as MIND, NSPCC and AGE UK can assist with many aspects of a person’s life from visiting to help remove a child from an abusive situation. They can consult with the police about the needs of a person whatever the person age. They are usually responsible for a named person making sure that assessments and the outcome are completed.Police making sure investigations and overseeing the safeguarding of issues are completed. | 3.2cont | Birmingham social services and the death and starvation of Khyra Ishaq (2010)Haringey council and the death of Baby peter (2007)Laming report into the death of Victoria Climbie (2000)Bedfordshire council and the death and torture of Michael Gilbert ( Blue Lagoon murder, 2009) | 3.3 | You can get information about what your own roll is in safe guarding and protecting individuals from websites that are up to date and relevant, leaflets, local and voluntary groups such as NSPCC, Barnardos, The Ann Craft Trust, organisations, government groups such as DFE, DoH, Social Care Institute for Excellence, Agreed policies and procedures agreed in my own work settingPublications: What to do if you suspect a child is being abused (2003), working together To Safeguard Children (2006) National Council for Voluntary Youth services ‘keeping it safe’ a young person centred approach to safety and child protection, (ISA) Institute Safeguarding Authority. | 3.4 |

4) Understand Ways To Reduce The Likelihood of Abuse

Working with a person centred values; The key values are Individuality, rights, Choice, Privacy, Independence, Dignity, Respect, Partnership. Increases a person’s confidence when they are involved in choices and decisions about life thus becoming less vulnerable to abuse. Empowering a person with as much independence and autonomy as their ability allows. Respectful communication, listen to what the person says. The main principles are that every adult has the right to live free from violence, fear, and abuse, the right to independence and the right to justice and the the right to be protected from harm and exploitation.Encourage active participation; to encourage a person to actively participate in actives, personal care involving them as much as possible to their ability this increases their self confidence and self esteem at the same time decreasing the likelihood of abuse.Promoting Choice and Rights; getting the individual to make choices and understanding that they have the right to make informed choices and decisions. This will also gain confidence and self-esteem, decreasing the chance of abuse. | 4.1 | Having a robust and very clear system of recording and reporting complaints, having an accessible complaint procedure and so doing reducing the likelihood of abuse, having agreed ways and policies of working, making sure everyone know what they are accountable for, making sure there are robust procedures for following up any complaints, following legal requirement to have complaints procedure in place, having the published policy in a place where it is easily seen and it is readily available in every setting. Making sure that all the procedures are transplant. | 4.2 |

5) Know How To Recognise and Report Unsafe Practices Poor working practices: if you don’t use appropriate working practices for personal hygiene such as respecting a person dignity assisting with, bathing, washing, toileting, dressing.Incorrect Physical contact when moving and handling a person.Using incorrect restraint and miss use of authority.Not maintaining professional boundaries that you have with person. Unsafe administration of medication such as not checking the dose.Having an unreliable system when dealing with an individual’s money or property, if you break or lose something that belongs to the service user and it isn’t reported or witnessed in the correct way.Not having the correct supervision in a lone working situation.Failing to communicate correctly not adhering to the right to confidentiality, not updating the safeguarding knowledge, having continued learning with training.Not getting all new workers CRB checked, not having enough staff on or not sorting out operational difficulties. | 5.1 | Once a problem has been identified you must first contact your supervisor or manager to report your concern, this must be done verbally and in writing, if nothing is then done about an unsafe practice the worker has the right to report the problem to social services or police.Any one has the right to report abuse or suspicion of abuse. All workers can be disciplined, suspended or dismissed for failure to report abuse and not following the correct procedures.Reassurance when a concern has been raised that there will be no reprisals or victimisation.Making workers that it is of the up most importance that if something is witnessed or suspected then it must be reported following the correct procedures. | 5.2 | If I suspected that abuse was happening I would write down the time, date and the reason why I suspected Abuse.I would then ask for a meeting with my manager, at the meeting I would explain why I suspected abuse again giving the time, date and reason why. Giving in a signed witness statement. If I had not had any feed back or I felt my concerns weren’t being listen to I would then request a meeting with the area manager, explaining to the area manager why I felt abuse was happening and that I had given a verbal and written account stating the date I gave it in and to whom and handing another written and signed statement in. I would then report it to CQC as a last resort | 5.3 |