Why Does Cell Division Occur
Mitosis Review
1. So why does cell division occur? Cell division occurs because an organisms such as plants, animals and such need to grow on a molecular level in order for them to continue thriving. For example, new cells are created with the intention of replacing old cells and tissues, with fresh and functioning ones... for most part. In humans and other organisms, organ cells, muscle cells, bone cells and such are constantly replace for growth and prolongation of proper function. Also, embryos continue to undergo cell division in order for the embryos to grow and eventually be a fully-fledged human. In plant cells, cells are constantly replicated without any replacemente, hence the fact that a plant constantly grows bigger rather than smaller each time.
Page 86 Investigation 7:
1. I …show more content…
developed from a single-celled zygote to an organism with trillions of cells due to cell division such as mitosis. The exact number of mitosis phase that I went through in order to get to 100 trillion cells is unknown yet in order to achieve such a great number, getting from a zygote to 100 trillion cells would plausibly take a monumental number of mitosis phases.
2. Cell division is important to a single-celled organism because this allows them to reproduce asexually through the process of mitosis.
3. The DNA replication, division process and checkpoint passes must happen first in order to ensure successful cell division. DNA replication is the most important because if a daughter cells does not have related DNA or structures to the parent cells, then it will have no biological information to follow and therefore, will die. The division process is critical due to the fact that the newly-formed and separated cells need to have an equal replication of chromosomes and DNA in each, and if there's an error in one of these cells, disorders could arise from this such as Trisomy 13 and such. Lastly, the checkpoints are very crucial because they are the "final" security check, that will either let in a healthy cell and let it divide or they could unintentionally let in a impaired cell which will then replicate and cause many more detrimental effects.
4.
When a haploid sperm cell and haploid egg cell come together and fuse at the fertilization phase, a diploid cell is created and the process of mitosis is about to occur. After every division of the mitosis phase, the identical genetic information is replicated and given to every daughter cells. Due to this replication, the genetic information in one of our body cells is genetically identical to the other body cells due to the fact that they are all just replications of each other.
5. Some advantages of asexual reproduction in plants is that no other partners are needed and that it is much quicker than sexual reproduction. For example, asexual reproduction does not involve the swapping of genetic materials and therefore requires no partners. Also, it is much quicker than sexual reproduction due to the fact that it doesn't need to undergo the process of gamete formation and therefore this "skip" in process allows it to reproduce much faster.
6. It is important for DNA to be replicated before cell division because the same amount of DNA and genetic materials/instructions needs to be given equally to each pairs of daughter cells, in order for a proper replication to
occur.
7. Chromosomes move inside a cell during cell division through the phases that it undergoes. For example, chromosomes moves to opposite ends or poles of a cell in order for the cell to be divided into two cells during the process of mitosis, during the process of the four phases.
8. The cell cycle is controlled by a checkpoint process or system, in which the cells must have the full requirements of a healthy cell in order to be allowed passage and eventually, replication throughout. If the control system were defective, then a worst case scenario would be that faulty or impaired cells would be allowed passage to replicate and in turn, cellular impairment may occur and lead to disorders such as Trisomy, Osteosarcoma, etc.
2. Somatic Cells: Any cells in the body that are diploids, or have a set of chromosome, one from mom and one from dad; sperm and egg cells are not somatic cells
Gametes: reproductive cells such as sperm cells(male) and egg or ova cells(female)
Germ Cells: Diploid cells that are only found in reproductive cells, such as the sperm and egg cells; germ cells produce reproductive cells (gametes)
3. Cell Cycle Phases:
G1: the cell grows bigger and produces more organelles, ribosomes and proteins; makes sure that the division process will create functional daughter cells that have all the required materials; occurs in the Interphase
S: the cell replicates its condensed DNA or chromosomes, this is the phase in which the cell's genetic material is duplicated; cell duplicates centromeres to allow chromosome separation later on in the M phase; occurs in the Interphase
G2: this phase is where the cell continues to grow even more than before, produce more organelles and proteins, and organizes its own contents to prepare for mitosis after this phase ends; occurs in Interphase
M (and cytokinesis): M phase is the phase in which the cells with its full copied DNA and cytoplasm begin to separate off and form new, individual cells with genetically identical materials; Mitosis is the phase in which DNA is condensed into chromosomes and pulled apart by spindle fibers; Mitosis occurs in 4 different phases (Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase and Telophase); Cytokinesis in the phase in which the cytoplasm of the cell is divided into two new cells and takes place differently in Plant and Animal cells; In plant cells, a cell plate forms and then separates the newly formed cell from the surrounding cell, almost like adding a new brick onto a brick wall; In animal cells, a process known as contractile cytokinesis pinches the cell in half and into 2 genetically identical cells, but before that, the pinching indentation on the cell is known as a cleavage furrow
G0: The phase or checkpoint in which cells that are unable to replicate anymore, are sent out of the cycle and remain there
1. So why does cell division occur? Cell division occurs because an organisms such as plants, animals and such need to grow on a molecular level in order for them to continue thriving. For example, new cells are created with the intention of replacing old cells and tissues, with fresh and functioning ones... for most part. In humans and other organisms, organ cells, muscle cells, bone cells and such are constantly replace for growth and prolongation of proper function. Also, embryos continue to undergo cell division in order for the embryos to grow and eventually be a fully-fledged human. In plant cells, cells are constantly replicated without any replacemente, hence the fact that a plant constantly grows bigger rather than smaller each time.
Page 86 Investigation 7:
1. I …show more content…
developed from a single-celled zygote to an organism with trillions of cells due to cell division such as mitosis. The exact number of mitosis phase that I went through in order to get to 100 trillion cells is unknown yet in order to achieve such a great number, getting from a zygote to 100 trillion cells would plausibly take a monumental number of mitosis phases.
2. Cell division is important to a single-celled organism because this allows them to reproduce asexually through the process of mitosis.
3. The DNA replication, division process and checkpoint passes must happen first in order to ensure successful cell division. DNA replication is the most important because if a daughter cells does not have related DNA or structures to the parent cells, then it will have no biological information to follow and therefore, will die. The division process is critical due to the fact that the newly-formed and separated cells need to have an equal replication of chromosomes and DNA in each, and if there's an error in one of these cells, disorders could arise from this such as Trisomy 13 and such. Lastly, the checkpoints are very crucial because they are the "final" security check, that will either let in a healthy cell and let it divide or they could unintentionally let in a impaired cell which will then replicate and cause many more detrimental effects.
4.
When a haploid sperm cell and haploid egg cell come together and fuse at the fertilization phase, a diploid cell is created and the process of mitosis is about to occur. After every division of the mitosis phase, the identical genetic information is replicated and given to every daughter cells. Due to this replication, the genetic information in one of our body cells is genetically identical to the other body cells due to the fact that they are all just replications of each other.
5. Some advantages of asexual reproduction in plants is that no other partners are needed and that it is much quicker than sexual reproduction. For example, asexual reproduction does not involve the swapping of genetic materials and therefore requires no partners. Also, it is much quicker than sexual reproduction due to the fact that it doesn't need to undergo the process of gamete formation and therefore this "skip" in process allows it to reproduce much faster.
6. It is important for DNA to be replicated before cell division because the same amount of DNA and genetic materials/instructions needs to be given equally to each pairs of daughter cells, in order for a proper replication to
occur.
7. Chromosomes move inside a cell during cell division through the phases that it undergoes. For example, chromosomes moves to opposite ends or poles of a cell in order for the cell to be divided into two cells during the process of mitosis, during the process of the four phases.
8. The cell cycle is controlled by a checkpoint process or system, in which the cells must have the full requirements of a healthy cell in order to be allowed passage and eventually, replication throughout. If the control system were defective, then a worst case scenario would be that faulty or impaired cells would be allowed passage to replicate and in turn, cellular impairment may occur and lead to disorders such as Trisomy, Osteosarcoma, etc.
2. Somatic Cells: Any cells in the body that are diploids, or have a set of chromosome, one from mom and one from dad; sperm and egg cells are not somatic cells
Gametes: reproductive cells such as sperm cells(male) and egg or ova cells(female)
Germ Cells: Diploid cells that are only found in reproductive cells, such as the sperm and egg cells; germ cells produce reproductive cells (gametes)
3. Cell Cycle Phases:
G1: the cell grows bigger and produces more organelles, ribosomes and proteins; makes sure that the division process will create functional daughter cells that have all the required materials; occurs in the Interphase
S: the cell replicates its condensed DNA or chromosomes, this is the phase in which the cell's genetic material is duplicated; cell duplicates centromeres to allow chromosome separation later on in the M phase; occurs in the Interphase
G2: this phase is where the cell continues to grow even more than before, produce more organelles and proteins, and organizes its own contents to prepare for mitosis after this phase ends; occurs in Interphase
M (and cytokinesis): M phase is the phase in which the cells with its full copied DNA and cytoplasm begin to separate off and form new, individual cells with genetically identical materials; Mitosis is the phase in which DNA is condensed into chromosomes and pulled apart by spindle fibers; Mitosis occurs in 4 different phases (Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase and Telophase); Cytokinesis in the phase in which the cytoplasm of the cell is divided into two new cells and takes place differently in Plant and Animal cells; In plant cells, a cell plate forms and then separates the newly formed cell from the surrounding cell, almost like adding a new brick onto a brick wall; In animal cells, a process known as contractile cytokinesis pinches the cell in half and into 2 genetically identical cells, but before that, the pinching indentation on the cell is known as a cleavage furrow
G0: The phase or checkpoint in which cells that are unable to replicate anymore, are sent out of the cycle and remain there