1. Atherosclerosis is a disease of large and medium-sized muscular arteries Characteristics: endothelial dysfunction vascular inflammation buildup of lipids‚ cholesterol‚ calcium and cellular debris within the intima of the blood vessel wall. The build up results in atheroma (plaque formation). It is a fatty deposit in the intima of an artery‚ resulting from atherosclerosis. Atheroma/Plaque is made up of: fatty substances Cholesterol Waste products from cells Calcium
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BLEEDING DISORDERS OF LATE PREGNANCY PLACENTA PREVIA * placenta develops in the lower part of uterus versus the upper part * There are 3 degrees of previa: * Marginal – reaches within 3cm of cervical opening * Partial – placenta partially covers the cervical opening * Complete/ Total – completely covers opening * Observe bleeding during contraction Manifestations: * bright red‚ painless vaginal bleeding * risk of hemorrhage increases with nearing of labor *
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* Disorder of glucose metabolism related to absent/ insuff insulin supply or poor utilization of inslin that’s available * 7th leading cause of death * leading cause of blindness‚ ESRD‚ lower limb amputation * contributing factor for heart dz/ stroke risk 2-4 x higher than without DM * INSULIN – hormone produced by cells in islets of Langerhans of pancreas. Normal – continously into bloodstream ( basal rate)‚ or increased w/ meals (bolus) * Normal glucose range 70-120 mg/dL
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have a very sweet glucose drink and then return for a blood test exactly one hour later. * You are not required to fast but you can have a light breakfast or meal prior to the test. Do not over indulge in sweet foods and drinks prior to the test. * If you are having the test at Suite 6 go there on your way before your scheduled appointment time here. * Come to the rooms for your appointment then return to Suite 6 for your blood to be taken one hour after having your glucose drink. At the
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needed to * Respiration * Cellular metabolism * Circulation * Glandular act * Maintenance ng temp BMR- rate of basal metabolism in person at given time and place condition necessary for BMR test 1. Must be in fasting 12 hrs after meal-test usually in the morning 2. Must be
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Variable: plasma levels of glucose‚ ketones‚ insulin‚ and glucagon 2.Independent Variable: food and beverage intake 3.Controlled Variables: physical activity‚ caffeine and alcohol intake‚ gender‚ age‚ BMI 4.Why were physical activity and caffeine and alcohol intake the controlled variables? 5.What type of assay was used to measure plasma glucose and ketone levels? 6.What type of assay was used to measure plasma insulin and glucagon levels? 1.When was plasma glucose concentration
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Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease that causes the insulin producing beta cells in the pancreas to be destroyed‚ preventing the body from being able to produce enough insulin to adequately regulate blood glucose levels. Type 1 diabetes may sometimes be referred to as juvenile diabetes‚ because it is commonly diagnosed in children and the condition can develop at any age. Insulin dependent diabetes is another term used to describe type 1 diabetes. Since type 1 diabetes causes the loss of insulin
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the present study‚ the key gluconeogenic enzyme G6P activity was assayed in liver of diabetic rats because the liver is the main organ responsible for maintaining homeostasis of blood glucose. The activity of G6P is enhanced during diabetes [31]. The dearrangement in carbohydrate metabolism results in impaired glucose homeostasis leading to hyperglycaemia. WSREt and WSLEt replenished liver glycogen stores and suppressed the hepatic gluconeogenesis by decreasing activity of G6P. This result is accordance
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11/7/2011 CHAPTER 18 ENDOCRINE SYSTEM Identify the endocrine glands and their hormones. Gain an understanding of the functions of these hormones in the body. Analyze medical terms related to the endocrine glands and their hormones. Identify abnormal conditions resulting from excessive and deficient secretions of the endocrine glands. Describe laboratory tests and clinical procedures related to endocrinology‚ and recognize relevant abbreviations. Apply your new knowledge
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Clearance‚ Renal Autoreg‚ Renal Handling of Glucose Renal language Freely filtered : solute filtered with the plasma water Px = BCx Filtered ‘Load’ : rate of filtration of a solute GFR multiply Px (mg/time) Excreted Load : rate of excretion : Urine flow rate‚ V multiply Ux Ux.V /Px Excreted load/plasma [ ] - What is excreted is cleared from the plasma into the urine -What is excreted must have originally come from the plasma -What ‘volume of plasma’ has been cleared of this amount of excreted
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