times‚ but it was not until the 1800’s when fast growing industrialization and heavy mining that it caught a lot of attention. Acid rock drainage is the term used to describe leachate‚ seepage‚ or drainage that has been affected by the natural oxidation of sulfur minerals contained in rock which is exposed to air and water. The major components of ARD formation are reactive sulfide minerals‚ oxygen‚ and water. Biological activity and reactions is what is responsible for the production of ARD.
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UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA COURSE INFORMATION Confidential Code Course Level Credit Hours Contact Hours : : : : : CHM 556 Organic Chemistry II Degree 4 3 hr (Lecture) 3 hr (Practical) 3 Core CHM 456 Part Course Status Pre-requisite : : : Course Outcomes : Upon completion of this course‚ students should be able to: 1. Determine functional groups present in organic compounds using Infrared Spectroscopy and interpret Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectra and relate the information to structural
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CHEMISTRY PRACTICAL NOTES - SALT ANALYSIS S.No. | EXPERIMENT | OBSERVATION | INFERENCE | 1(a) | Noted the colour of the salt | BluePale greenGreenPale pinkColourless | May be Cu2+May be Fe2+May be Ni2+‚ Cu2+May be Mn2+Absence of Cu2+‚ Fe2+‚ Ni2+‚ Cu2+‚ Mn2+ | (b) | Noted the physical state of the salt | (i)Amorphous(ii)crystalline | May be CO32-May be Cl-‚ Br-‚ SO42-‚ NO3- | 2 | Action of heat:The given salt is heated in a dry test tube. | (i)Reddish brown vapours(ii)Crackling sound(iii)Yellow
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UNIT 5 – ELECTROCHEMISTRY Chapter 9 – Electric Cells 9.1 – Oxidation and Reduction * The term reduction came to be associated with producing metals from their compounds. * Ex. Fe2O3(s) + 3CO(g) 2Fe(s) + 3CO2 * Another substance‚ called a reducing agent causes or promotes the reduction of a metal compound to an elemental metal. In this example‚ it is CO. * Corrosion‚ including the rusting of metals‚ is now understood
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Methods and Materials involved A tablet is a mixture of active substances and excipients usually in powder form‚ pressed or compacted into a solid. The excipients include binders‚ glidants (flow aids) and lubricants to ensure efficient tabletting; disintegrants to ensure that the tablet breaks up in the digestive tract; sweeteners or flavours to mask the taste of bad-tasting active ingredients; and pigments to make uncoated tablets visually attractive. A polymer coating is usually applied
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12/102‚ First Floor‚ Aditya Complex‚ Preet Vihar Community Centre‚ New Delhi-110092 (011) 2252 7266‚ 09968761561‚ www.aimstalent.com ALL INDIA MATHS SCIENCE TALENT EXAMINATION CLASS X Total Marks: 25 Time Allowed: 30 Minutes 1. If L stands for +‚ M stands for ‚N stands for ׂ P stands for ÷ then 14N10L42P2M8= (A) 248 (B) 153 (C) 352 (D) 218 2. If the position of the third and the tenth letters of the word DOCUMENTATION are interchanged‚ and likewise the position of the fourth
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substances appears in boxed frames. Chemicals Solutions of Anions: Sodium chloride‚ NaCl‚ 0.2 M Sodium bromide‚ NaBr‚ 0.2 M Potassium iodide‚ KI‚ 0.2 M Sodium sulfate‚ Na2SO4‚ 0.2 M Sodium carbonate‚ Na2CO3‚ 0.2 M Sodium nitrate‚ NaNO3‚ 0.2 M Test Reagents: Silver nitrate‚ AgNO3‚ 0.1 M Ammonia‚ NH3‚ 6 M Nitric acid‚ HNO3‚ 6 M Potassium permanganate‚ KMnO4‚ 0.1 M Mineral oil Sodium hydroxide‚ NaOH‚ 6 M Barium hydroxide‚ Ba(OH)2‚ saturated Barium chloride
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makes it a stronger acid than ammonia but weaker than alcohols Acidity Acetylene reacts with sodium amide to form sodium acetylide – HC CH + pK a 25 S tronger acid NH2 S tronger base HC C- + Weaker base N H3 pK a 38 Weaker acid It can also be converted to its metal salt by reaction with sodium hydride or lithium diisopropylamide (LDA) + Na H – Sodium hydride [ ( CH3 ) 2 CH] 2 N – Li + Lithium diisopropylamide (LDA) Alkylation of Acetylides
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Principle Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is a reducing agent‚ the vitamin C content of processed fruit juices can be determined by oxidizing ascorbic acid‚ C6H8O6 to dehydro-L-ascorbic acid‚ C6H6O6. A reagent that is particularly good for the oxidation is an aqueous solution of iodine‚ I2. The brown iodine solution can be reduced by vitamin C (ascorbic acid) to form colourless iodide ions. However‚ I2 solution is not normally prepared directly by dissolving iodine in water because iodine
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Write the correct formulas for the following compounds that contain polyatomic ions. Compounds | Formulas | Sodium hydroxide | NaOH | Potassium nitrate | KN03 | Magnesium sulfate | Mg2SO4 | Aluminum phosphate | AlPO4 | Aluminum nitrate | Al(NO3)3 | Ammonium nitrate | NH4NO3 | 25. Name each of the following binary ionic compounds. Formulas | Name | NaBr | Sodium Bromide | MgS | Magnesium Sulfide | CaO | Calcium Oxide | MgCl2 | Magnesium Chloride | AlF3 | Aluminum fluoride
Free Oxide Oxygen Aluminium