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Human Resource Development
Research Article

focuses on the analysis and resolution of managerial issues based on analytical and empirical studies.

A Study of HRD Concepts, Structure of HRD Departments, and HRD Practices in India
T V Rao, Raju Rao, and Taru Yadav
Human Resource Development (HRD) as a function has evolved in India indigenously from the year 1975 when Larsen&Toubro (L&T) conceptualized HRD as an integrated system and decided to separate it from the personnel function. Since then, most organizations have started new HR departments or redesignated their personnel and other departments as HRD departments. Today, there are high expectations from HRD. Good HRD requires well-structured function, appropriately identified HRD systems, and competent staff to implement and facilitate the change process. This paper attempts to: • Examine the way the HRD function is structured in the Indian corporate sector. • Highlight the current HRD practices in India in relation to various HRD systems. • Examine the extent to which HRD implemen tation meets the criteria of the Integrated HRD Systems Approach of Pareek and Rao (1975, 1977), and using this analysis, comment on the prerequisites for the success of other recent HRD frameworks for Asian countries.

A number of human resources development frameworks has come into existence in the last ten years from various parts of the world. Indian organizations have begun to use these for improving their HRD systems and their impact. An Integrated HRD Systems Approach was evolved for Indian organizations at the Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad by Udai Pareek and T V Rao for L&T. This paper examines the current status of structuring of the HRD function and HRD subsystems in India against this "Integrated HRD Systems" framework. The paper also comments on the recent approaches to HRD. Data from HRD audits of 12 Indian organizations indicated that HRD function is not well structured, is inadequately differentiated, poorly staffed, and fails to



References: Curtis, B; William, E H and Sally, M (1995). Overview of the People Capability Maturity Model, Carnegie Mellon University: Software Engineering Institute. Friedman, B; James, H and David, M W (1998). Delivering on the Promise: How to Attract, Manage and Retain Human Capital, Arthur Andersen, New York: Free Press. Pareek, U and Rao, T V (1975). HRD System in Larsen& Toubro, Ahmedabad: Indian Institute of Management, Unpublished Consultancy Report. Pareek, U and Rao, T V (1977). HR Function in Larsen & Toubro, Ahmedabad: Indian Institute of Management. Pareek, U and Rao, T V (1982). Designing and Managing Human Resource Systems, New Delhi: Oxford & IBH. Pareek, U and Rao, T V (1998). Pioneering Human Resources Development: The L&TSystem, Ahmedabad: Academy of Human Resources Development, (Publication of the Original Consultancy Reports, 1975 and 1977). Rao, T V (1999). HRD Audit, New Delhi: Response Books (A Division of Sage Publications). Ulrich, D and Lake, D (1990). Organizational Capability: Competing from the Inside/Out, New York: Wiley. Ulrich, D (1997). The Human Resource Champions: The New Agenda for Adding Value and Delivering Results, Boston, MA: Harvard Business School. Yeung, A K and Berman, B (1997). "Adding Value through Human Resources: Reorienting Human Resource Measurement to Drive Business Performance," Human Resource Management, Vol 36, No 3, pp 321-335. Vol. 26, No. 1, January-March 2001 63 Vikalpa

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