Conformational stereoisomer of butane Butane‚ C4H10 is an alkane with four carbon atoms which are bonded to each other by single bonds. Butane can form two isomers which are n-butane and isobutane. Figure1.1(a) and 1.1(b) shows the structures of n-butane and isobutane. Alkanes usually show conformational isomerism due the presence of C-C single bonds. It is important to understand that conformational isomer can only occur in compound with single bond but not double or triple bond. This is because
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form‚ write the structure of any meso compounds below. If none would form‚ write the word “NONE” below. [pic] 3. (25 points) The following reaction produces a major alkene product. First‚ on the Newman template provided draw the conformation from which the raction will occur. Then‚ on the product alkene template provided‚ draw the product that will form from this reaction. Finally‚ indicate the stereochemical designation of the major product.
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Chlorophyll clip_image002Outline the role of photosynthesis in transforming light energy to chemical energy (including raw materials needed for this process) Photosynthesis occurs in all green plants and is the beginning of nearly all food chains therefore a source of life to all living organisms. It is the process where plants transform light energy from the sun into chemical energy. By using light energy trapped by chlorophyll (light absorbing pigment)‚ plants combine carbon dioxide and
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will depend on the functional groups present. For example heptane has boiling point of 98.4 degrees (1) and 1-hexanol has boiling point of 157 degrees. (2) The fact that heptane has lower boiling point then 1-hexanol is because heptane belongs to alkane group and only has dispersion forces since it contains non polar molecules. Dipole-dipole forces exist between neutral polar molecules but heptane is non polar. Heptane does not contain hydrogen bonding as no H atoms bond with F‚ O‚ or N. On the other
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reaction is the Wittig-Horner reaction (1). ABSTRACT Georg Wittig was a German chemist and Nobel Prize winner in 1979 for the Wittig reaction (1). He was born in Berlin‚ on June 16‚ 1897‚ and died August 26‚ 1987 (1). Wittig discovered the route to alkenes through ylide molecules (1). Wittig was educated originally at Tubingen; Wittig spent periods at Braunschweig‚ Freigurg‚ back to Tubingen again before taking up the post as director of the organic chemistry department at Heidelberg (1). Wittig became
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GajendraUjjenia Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Petroleum Technology Catalysis in Hydrotreating and Hydrocracking
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dissolve easily in water. However‚ when we introduce water to big greasy hydrocarbon chains (usually called alkanes‚ or fats and oils as we know them)‚ the water just slides right over them and our plate stays greasy. This is because fats‚ oils‚ and waxes are nonpolar substances. If instead of using water we used less polar mineral spirits (not recommended on food prep items)‚ those greasy alkanes would be dissolved in no time. Solubility concerns are clearly at the forefront of chemistry in the home
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The Michael addition is a reaction named after Arthur Michael. Discovered in 1887‚ this is a carbon-carbon bond making reaction. The result of the Michael addition is a 1‚4 addition of a nucleophile to an alpha‚ beta-unsaturated carbonyl carbon compound. A 1‚4 addition is also commonly referred to as a conjugated addition. Another result of this reaction is a 1‚2 addition of a nucleophile. Some of the common attacking nucleophiles used in this reaction are enolates. Enolates‚ a negatively charged
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for the eugenol and acetyleguenol products‚ which confirmed their identities; the eugenol sample showed the presence of the alcohol functional group O-H at 3425.19 cm-1 and both alkene C=C at 1604.43 cm-1 and aromatic C=C at 1509.35 cm-1. The acetyleugenol sample showed the presence of ester C=O at 1760.27 cm-1‚ both alkene C=C at 1506.83 cm-1 and aromatic C=C at 1417.46 cm-1. Introduction: Figure 11: eugenol acetyleugenol The primary constituents of the essential
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Identification of Unknown Organic Compounds by Melting Point‚ Boiling Point‚ and Infrared Spectroscopy Methods and Background The goal of this laboratory experiment was to determine the structure and identity of an unknown solid and an unknown liquid by using elemental analysis‚ index of hydrogen deficiency‚ infrared spectroscopy‚ melting point (for solid)‚ and boiling point (for liquid). In this laboratory‚ we were given unknown solid “C” and unknown liquid “D”. The empirical formula
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