Title: pH and buffer solutions Aim This experiment was carried out to determine the role of buffer solution and the factor which affect the buffer capacity. Besides‚ this experiment was carried out to investigate the solubility of protein casein over a range of pH concentration. This experiment also was carried out to determine the isoelectric point of the casein and the effect of the isoelectric point toward the casein solution. Methods Verification of the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation
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are added to it. Buffer solutions are also related with the common ion effect. A buffer is an aqueous solution composed of a weak acid and its conjugate base or a weak base with a conjugate acid that will have a minimal change in pH when a strong base or acid is added to it. The results and observations of this experiment proved (a) the occurrence of the common ion effect through the determination of pH and titration and (b) how minimal the change in the pH of a buffer solution is upon the addition
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the pH of the solution as the dependent variable (because it changes depending on the composition of the two solutions). The equivalence point on the graph is where all of the starting solution (usually an acid) has been neutralized by the titrant (usually a base). One can easily find the pKa of the monoprotic acid by finding the pH of the point halfway between the beginning of the curve and the equivalence point‚ and solving the simplified equation. A buffer is a special solution that stops massive
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base pH of acidic salt solutions pH of basic salt solutions relate Ka and Kb acid strength (binary acids) acid strength (oxyacids) Lewis acid Lewis base Chapter 17: Additional Aspects of Aqueous Equilibria common ion effect effect of buffer composition of buffer preparation of buffers Henderson-Hasselbach equation buffer capacity buffer range SA/SB titration curve WA/SB titration curve equivalence point pH at equivalence pt buffer region pH at midpoint
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Hypotonic Looks Normal 10% Sodium Chloride‚ NaCl solution Hypertonic Size of cell looks the same but things inside are different looking Data Table 3: Initial and Ending pH Comparison for Test Tube Solutions Test Tube Contents Beginning pH Ending pH Total drops of 0.1 N HCl added 1 Water 6.0 2.0 5 2 Buffer (inorganic) solution) 8.0 2.0 50 3 Buffered protein Albumen (organic) solution 8.0 6.0 50 Data Table 4: Results of Acid Addition to Buffered Solutions Total Drops of HCl Added Beaker #2 pH Beaker
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Q2. How is the pH meter calibrated? Ans. Firstly‚ The pH meter is calibrated by using the two buffer solutions of pH 7.0 and 4.0 which is prepared and placed into small beakers or flasks. After that Rinse the glass electrode with the distilled water using the squeeze bottle and wipe it with the soft tissue paper. Secondly‚ Switch on the pH meter and place the electrodes into the pH 7.0 buffer solution then correct the pH meter indication and note down the reading after the beep sound comes. Wash
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LabVIEW (Laboratory Virtual Instrument Engineering Workbench)‚ created by National Instruments is a graphical programming language that uses icons instead of lines of text to create applications. A LabVIEW program consists of one or more virtual instruments (VIs)‚ Virtual instruments are called such because their appearance and operation often imitate actual physical instruments. The objective of developing a virtual interface that acquires data from physical instrument (pH probe) used in the monitoring
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After I selected my fish‚ I noticed that the tank began to grow algae. The next time I selected fish and invertebrates‚ I chose to add cleaner shrimp and snails to my tank. The pH then started to go up‚ then down‚ and then up again so I added pH buffer solution so the pH could stabilize at 8.1. After that‚ I decided to add water to keep the specific gravity from getting too high and maintaining stable. 3. What problems‚ if any‚ did you have with any of the fish or invertebrates in the reef
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During the preparation of the 0.100M Tris buffer‚ the calculated amount of ingredients brought the solution to a pH of 7.0‚ but the desired pH was 7.50. Discrepancies between the theoretically calculated amounts and the actual measured amounts of ingredients are likely to be the biggest source of error. Dilution affected our 0.0100M Tris buffer by decreasing its pH. The buffer was originally set to a pH of 7.48‚ but the pH gradually moved down by a pH unit of about 0.1 after each dilution. This is
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varies this is to be done by using buffer in every test tube so as to maintain pH balance for each beetroot sample and insure that pH does not become a variable. PH is important for maintaining the integrity of the cell membrane as integral proteins can denature upon change in pH. Also‚ presumably the buffer will have the right concentrations of salt or electrolyte’s (ion such as Na‚ K‚ Ca‚ etc.)- that is‚ the solution and the beetroot cells must be isotonic‚ so the buffer must be used for each trial-to
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