In the next step in aerobic respiration‚ each pyruvate‚ as produced by glycolysis in the cytosol‚ is normally converted to acetyl-CoA by pyruvate dehydrogenase in the mitochondria. During this process‚ electrons are transferred to NAD+‚ producing NADH‚ and a carbon is lost in the form of CO2 as a product. Acetyl-CoA then goes through another series of reactions in the TCA cycle‚ all of which also occurs in the mitochondria‚ to generate ATP and NADH through the complete oxidation of the molecule (generating
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The CELL The CELL Robert Hooke (1635-1703) Cork cells - the first person to see and name CELLS cces2013 (1665) 2 The CELL Robert Brown (1773-1858) - Discovered and named the nucleus (1833) cces2013 3 The CELL Matthias Jakob Schleiden (1804-1881) studied plant tissues and concluded that all plants are aggregates of individual cells which are fully independent (1838) cces2013 4 The CELL Theodore Schwann (1810-1882) studied animal tissues and concluded that all
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Labset Three Worksheet 1. What is a carbohydrate profile? Why are they used as a diagnostic or identifying tool? (2) Carbohydrate profiles are specific information on the type and amount of carbohydrate that a product contains. It is used to identify and differentiate two closely related species. 2. What are the carbohydrate profiles of the organisms you tested? (2) The yeast carbohydrate profile came out with glucose and fructose positive and Mannitol negative. The staph epidermidis
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Unit 1: Introduction to Biochemistry Lesson 1-4: Key Question How many electrons does Mg2+ have? (1 mark) Mg2+ has 10 electrons. A magnesium atom has 12 electrons with 2 of the 12 being valence electrons. Therefore the atom will lose the valence electrons which are located on the outermost shell to stabilize itself (outermost shell) as atoms tend to do what it easiest. Since magnesium lost 2 electrons it becomes positive as it is giving away electrons to stabilize other atoms. Hence magnesium
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similar to that found in their native lands that their ancestors ate. The requirements for a pitbull are a balance of protein‚ carbohydrates‚ fatty acids‚ vitamins and minerals. Many dogs are taken to the vet because of nutritional related problems. If the dog is not getting the proper nutrients that their diet requires they can suffer from dry/itchy/flaky skin‚ hot spots‚ yeast infections in the ears‚ or thyroid-liver-kidney problems. The best diet for the pitbull is one that the owner makes fresh‚
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Title: Preparation and purification ethyl alcohol Purpose: The purpose of this experiment is to form a yeast mixture with water‚ organic compound like sucrose‚ Ba (OH) 2 for fermentation process‚ and use simple distillation method to purification from the fermentation mixture. Abstract and Theory: There are many techniques that are used to purify liquid. The one that is going to use for this lab is simple distillation. It is a process of which separating a mixture based on the tendency of the
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INTRODUCTION The excessive consumption of fossil fuels‚ particularly in large urban areas‚ has greatly contributed to generation of high levels of pollution. There is a need for environmentally sustainable energy sources to find a viable and long-term substitute for liquid petroleum. As a step to solve this problem‚ the use or addition of biofuels to gasoline‚ which reduces emission of carbon monoxide and unburned hydrocarbons that form smog‚ has widely been enforced in recent years (Wyman
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Independent: temperature of water Dependent: % transmission of light through resulting solution The effect of changing enzyme concentration on rate of reaction. Independent: concentration of enzyme dependent: time taken for enzyme to break down substrate Other variables to be controlled Other equipment Method and outcome Temperature Volume of solutions Stress of Daphnia Size of Daphnia Time of acclimatisation Microscope‚ counter‚ cavity slide‚ dropping pipettes‚ stop clock‚ distilled water‚
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down carbohydrates will work the best when heated at 40°C. Also‚ as the temperature increases the reaction rate of amylase increases too. However‚ the reaction rate of amylase will start decreasing when the temperature reaches the enzyme’s optimal temperature. Many enzymes are specific for a certain substrate. For example‚ lipase is a specific enzyme for fat substrates and protease‚ a specific enzyme for protein substrates. In the same way amylase is a specific enzyme used for carbohydrate substrates
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production of only 4 ATP‚ but produces a lot of NADH. The Electron Transport Chain produces 32 ATP for every glucose. 3. The Lo-carb Atkins and South Beach diets are based on occasions when the body runs out of carbohydrate reserves to use as fuel. Draining the carbohydrate levels and reserves of your body‚ so that to make daily energy (ATP)‚ your body has to turn to an alternate source of fuel‚ which are fats and proteins. (FATS) Triacylglycerol reserves (located in unpleasantly strategic
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