view of literal translation might be that it consists in the one for one substitution of the word forms of the target language for the word forms of the source language.This is what normally meant by the term "literal translation".Yet ‚ this view is unrealistic.Literal translation‚ also known as direct translation‚ is the rendering of text from one language to another "word-for-word" (Latin: "verbum pro verbo") rather than conveying the sense of the original. Literal translations thus commonly mis-translate
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Translation Techniques Direct Translation Techniques :- Direct Translation Techniques are used when structural and conceptual elements of the source language can be transposed into the target language. Direct translation techniques include: Borrowing Calque Literal Translation Borrowing Borrowing is the taking of words directly from one language into another without translation. Borrowed words are often printed in italics when they are considered to be "foreign". E.g. Cafeteria كافيتريا - supermarket
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Volume 8‚ 2009‚ http://www.esp-world.info ROLE OF MOTHER TONGUE IN LEARNING ENGLISH FOR SPECIFIC PURPOSES Galina Kavaliauskienė Mykolas Romeris University‚ Vilnius‚ Lithuania Abstract A revival of interest to using a mother tongue in the English classroom is stipulated by necessity to improve language accuracy‚ fluency and clarity. This paper aims at examining students’ perceptions of the use of mother tongue and translation in various linguistic situations. The activities that help raise learners’
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easy and convenient to translate. Such segments of a text are known as units of translation. V.N.Komissarov uses the term “переводема” to refer to this notion. One of the foreign pioneers of the theory of translation J. Catford introduced the term ‘rank of translation’ in his book “A Linguistic Theory of Translation” (London 1965) which was used in a similar meaning. According to S.B. Tyulenev‚ the unit of translation should be termed translateme (транслатема) and defined as a combination of a linguistic
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ABSTRACT SomPack which is a Turkish manufacturer‚ had to make a hard decision about its substantial corporate strategy‚ because in the mid-1990s SomPack realized that China was a threat. China had been making inroads into U.S. Market. The main issue was the labor cost differentials‚ so SomPack tried to set some ways to reduce labor costs and increase the capacity. The company took a step to product assembly that is the lipstick mechanism and the mechanism was high volume component that has multistep
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Pragmatic Analysis and Translation of English and Chinese Person Deixis 英汉人称指示语的语用分析及翻译 武汉理工大学外国语学院 李晓惠 广东培正学院 胡敏 广东广州 510830 内容摘要 对比语言学是一门从共时的角度对两种或多种语言进行对比研究的学科。本文尝试分析了语用学中的人称指示语在英语和汉语两种语言中的相同点和不同点，其中主要分析了人称指示语的先用特性及其反先用的用法。本文目的是通过对比分析，把指示语的语用理论更多的运用于翻译中去。 关键词: 英汉人称指示语‚ 先用与反先用现象‚ 翻译 Abstract Contrastive study is a branch of science concerning with two or more languages by exploring the differences and similarities in a synchronic way. This thesis is an attempt to analyze the
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on how Ecco can be profitable in Turkish market. By doing this project we combined market research and use of methods to do a project. Our target audience of the project is teachers and marketing students. 3 December 2011 Resume With these report we have been able to analysis Ecco as a well-known company with good brand and mission to globalize. During the report we figure out how Ecco can be profitable in turkey which is nonwestern with Islamic culture country. In this report we use
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Turkey is the current sixteenth largest economy in the world‚ highest ranked than countries such as: Switzerland‚ Netherland or Sweden. Nevertheless the Turkish economy has faced a huge financial crisis in the years 2000 and 2001. The relations between the President Ahmet Necdet Sezer and the Prime Minister Bulent Ecevit were complicated. The main reason for this was the fact that the President Sezer had permanently vetoed government’s decisions‚ and the Prime Minister had considered that‚ by
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Turkish Educational System ________________________________________ The Education System When we come to examine the institutions that have sustained the vital functions of the Peoples living in Turkey‚ we must bear in mind that‚ from the year 2000 B.C. when they first appeared on the pages of history‚ they have been a part of three separate civilizations. During the period when they led a nomadic life in Central Asia‚ they were part of the institutions that harmonized with their way of life.
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What is lost in translation from one language to another? “Most linguists would say that there is no such thing as a perfect translation and that something is always lost when we move from one language to another.” Sometimes when translating‚ there might be the difficulty‚ of finding a word that expresses or means the same thing‚ and because there isn’t one specific word that means the same as the other‚ instead of putting one word‚ many are used‚ to describe the words meaning. Each
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