Student number: 658184 Due Date: 19th Sept 2012 Paracetamol: Preparation‚ Purification and Analysis 1.1 Introduction Paracetamol (N- (4- hydroxyphenyl) ethanamide) or acetaminophen is a widely used analgesic (pain reliever) and antipyretic (fever reducer). It is a relatively safe drug though toxicity has been observed with very high doses.1 according to the British Pharmacopeia (BP) 111 paracetamol should contain between 95.0%- 105.0% of the stated product.2 It can be synthesised by reacting 4-aminophenol
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LEE ET AL.: JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL VOL. 88‚ NO. 5‚ 2005 1269 DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS Determination of Total Monomeric Anthocyanin Pigment Content of Fruit Juices‚ Beverages‚ Natural Colorants‚ and Wines by the pH Differential Method: Collaborative Study JUNGMIN LEE U.S. Department of Agriculture‚ Agricultural Research Service‚ Pacific West Area (PWA)‚ Horticultural Crops Research Laboratory Worksite‚ 29603 University of Idaho Ln‚ Parma‚ ID 83660 ROBERT W. DURST and RONALD E. WROLSTAD Oregon
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gallic acid is a type of phenolic acid. It is a common industry standard used in determining phenol contents of various samples (Waterhouse and Laurie). The absorbance of the sample and standard were measured at 760nm against the reagent blank(Table 1). There was a direct relationship between absorbance and concentration with max absorbance being 2.5107 at a concentration of 0.32mg/ml. The sample measured 2.7003 at 760nm (Figure 2). These values were then used to calculate the % phenol in the sample
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Photosynthesis Lab Report Introduction The lights are essential for photosynthesis and it plays a major role. All the food we eat and all the fossil fuel we use is a product of photosynthesis‚ which is the process that converts energy in sunlight to chemical forms of energy that can be used by biological systems. Photosynthesis is carried out by many different organisms but usually by plants and algae. All these organisms convert CO2 (carbon dioxide)
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Time(minutes) Cuvette Amount of p-Nitrophenol (nmol) from the Standard Curve Absorbance at 410nm 0 Start 0 0 8 End 0 0 1 E1 28 0.416 2 E2 45 0.694 4 E3 82 1.264 6 E4 112 1.766 8 E5 135 2.104 The amount of p-nitrophenol in the cuvettes containing cellobiase was significantly higher as time went on from 1 minute (28 nmol) to 8 minutes
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Materials and Methods: PLGA (50:50 copolymer compositions; MW 30‚000 Da)‚ berberine chloride hydrate (MW 371.81 Da)‚ poly vinyl alcohol (MW 89‚000 Da) and 15 and 50 mL Corning centrifuge tubes were purchased from Aldrich (St. Louis‚ MO‚ USA). Acetone was purchased from Fischer Scientific Laboratory (Fair Lawn‚ NJ‚ USA). Phosphate buffer pH 7.0 was purchased from EMD Chemicals Inc. (Gibbstown‚ NJ‚ USA). 0.2 micron syringe filters were obtained from Millipore Corporation (Carrigtwohill‚ Ireland). 1
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next to calculate the absorbance of they time over time as bleach was added. One the absorbance value was calculated‚ the concentrations were able to be determined also using Beer’s law. From here the rate constant was able to be calculated for each concentration and the average was 0.599M/s. Overall‚ the Rate Law=0.14[dye]1[bleach]0. Trends in the date show when concentrations of the dye and bleach were at their fullest‚ the rate constant was lower and the change in absorbance‚ change in concentration
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cells was measured by diluting the homogenate with a 1:5 ratio; 50 microliters of homogenate and 200 microliters of water. Then 5 known protein concentration samples which were 0.4‚ 0.8‚ 1.2‚ 1.6‚ 2.0 mg/ml of bovine serum were used to determine absorbance with a spectrophotometer. Two additional samples were made; one was blank and the other was for the specific homogenate sample. Then 3 microliters of bradford assay reagent‚ which indicates the amount of protein present by color‚ was added to
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[FeSCN2+] eq absorbance? Chemical Reaction Initial Concentration of Fe3+ is known as well as the initial concentration of from SCN- . Furthermore‚ the reaction is carried out so that the [Fe3+]i >> [SCNi ‚ this ensures that the product [FeSCN2+] depends on the [SCN-] i . Fe3+ Excess + SCN Limiting ! FeSCN2+ Amount produced depends on limiting [SCN-] How can the concentrations of [Fe3+]eq and [SCN-] eq be determined 2+ by € simply monitoring the [FeSCN ] eq absorbance? Background
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mL portions by use of wash buffer (20.0 mL)‚ imidazole elution buffer (26.3 mL)‚ and wash buffer (10.0 mL)‚ again. Absorption readings were taken for all fractions with a Cary50 set at 280nm. The fumarase activity was determined by the highest absorbances using the Cary50 set at 250nm. The pre-dialysis elution pool was pooled together from fractions 17-18 and the flow-through pool was determined to be fractions 2-9. Figure 2: Bradford standard curve created by an assay of seven known dilutions
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