the amount of hydronium ion formed in water. Most often‚ it is expressed by pH‚ which equals the –log[H3O+]. The equilibrium constant for an acid is represented by Ka = [H3O+] [A-] / [HA]‚ where HA is the acid and A- is the dissociated acid. When comparing Ka’s‚ most commonly pKa is used‚ which is equal to –log Ka. In this experiment‚ the pKa of an unknown acid is determined by titrating it with NaOH and graphing its pH levels versus volume of NaOH titrated. The inflection point found by graphing
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mucopolysaccharides‚ but the specific group demonstrated is dependent on the dye solution pH. RECOMMENDED FIXATIVES 10% neutral buffered formalin and Bouin’s fixative. AVOID Chromate Fixatives MODE OF ACTION (1‚ 2‚ 3) Alcian blue binds electrostatically with the acidic groups in the mucopolysaccharide molecule. The components to be demonstrated are intensely stained if the dyer solution is used at the specific pH at which the reactive groups are fully ionized. To achieve full ionization of the
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is a solution of acetic acid‚ the solute‚ in water‚ the solvent. A buffer solution is one which resists changes in pH when small quantities of an acid or an alkali are added to it. An acidic buffer solution is simply one which has a pH less than 7. Acidic buffer solutions are commonly made from a weak acid and one of its salts often sodium salt. An alkaline buffer solution has a pH greater than 7. Alkaline buffer solutions are commonly made from a weak base and one of its salts. When hydrogen ions
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Abstract The abstract‚ although it comes first logistically‚ always should be written last. It needs to be written last because it is the essence of your report‚ drawing information from all of the other sections of the report. It explains why the experiment was performed and what conclusions were drawn from the results obtained. A general guideline for an abstract has five sections or areas of focus: why the experiment was conducted; the problem being addressed; what methods were used to solve
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operations. Aluminum or iron salts can be used to for coagulation of particles and to form flocs that can settle out. Coagulation and flocculation tests provide the optimum dosages to remove turbidity and color‚ along with secondary effects such as adjusting pH. Jar tests also provide information on the amount of energy needed to provide the coagulation and flocculation treatments‚ as well as settleability of the flocs‚ and clarity of the water. They can also be used to study basic processes‚ for instance
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Grade 12 Biology (SBI 4U1) Nicole Mikulis Unit: Biochemistry Sept 14 2012 Lab: Effect of temperature and pH on catalase activity BACKGROUND Catalase is an enzyme that detoxifies chemicals that might harm the cell such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The enzyme breaks H2O2 into water and oxygen. The production of the oxygen gas bubbles serves as evidence that the catalase enzyme is working. As catalase is breaking the bonds between H2O2‚ it is releasing energy in
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Publication No. 11137 Enzyme Activity Guided Inquiry Lab Turnip Peroxidase Introduction Peroxidase enzymes are widely distributed in plants and animals‚ including bacteria‚ to protect cells against the effects of oxidative stress and cell damage due to hydrogen peroxide. Peroxidases are easily extracted from turnips and other root vegetables and provide a model enzyme for studying enzyme activity—how the rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction depends on biotic and abiotic factors. Enzyme activity
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Determination of An Unknown Amino Acid From Titration Abstract Experiment 11 used a titration curve to determine the identity of an unknown amino acid. The initial pH of the solution was 1.96‚ and the pKa’s found experimentally were 2.0‚ 4.0‚ and 9.85. The accepted pKa values were found to be 2.10‚ 4.07‚ and 9.47. The molecular weight was calculated to be 176.3 while the accepted value was found to be 183.5. The identity of the unknown amino acid was established to be glutamic acid‚
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Hyperventilation Lab Report Pre-lab Quiz Results You scored 100% by answering 4 out of 4 questions correctly. 1. The fastest compensatory mechanism for maintaining pH homeostasis in the human body is You correctly answered: c. the chemical buffering system. 2. An increase in hydrogen ion concentration would You correctly answered: d. decrease pH. 3. The amount of carbon dioxide in the blood is measured in You correctly answered: b. mm Hg. 4. The reaction of water and carbon dioxide is catalyzed by You
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Sonia St James Investigation: Factors that affect the outcome of enzyme activity Introduction In this project I will monitor the rate of activity of Catalase. Catalase is an Enzyme which in the right conditions catalyses the decomposition of Hydrogen Peroxide into water and oxygen; 2H2O2 + Catalase >>> 2H2O + O2 Catalase is found in all cells and protects them from Hydrogen Peroxide which is a dangerous waste product that needs to be eliminated. Without Catalase living things could not survive
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