brewing industries. Glucose oxides are obtained from A. Niger and Penicillium. It is a highly specific enzyme‚ which catalyzes the formation of gluconic acid from β - D- glucose in two separate steps‚ the second step being nonenzymatic spontaneous hydrolysis. Glucose oxidase is used for the removal of glucose or oxygen from the food stuffs in order to enhance their storability. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) effectively kills bacteria; it can be eliminated by using catalase. An important application of
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and growth. One particularly significant enzyme is amylase‚ which catalyzes the hydrolysis of alpha glycosidic linkages of amylose‚ starch components‚ and other oligosaccharides (Qian‚ et al.‚ 1994). Porcine pancreatic alpha-amylase can be found in pancreatic secretions‚ and works most efficiently at pH 6.9 for the majority of substrates. This ideal pH‚ however‚ has shown to shift to as low as 5.2 for the hydrolysis of some
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major compounds‚ dealing with the making of an human body. To define the word any of carbohydrates class of organic compounds that are polyhydroxy aldehydes or polyhydroxy ketones‚ or change to such substances on simple chemical transformations‚ as hydrolysis‚ oxidation‚ or reduction‚ and that form the supporting tissues of plants and are important food for animals and people. When we eat‚ the carbohydrates in our food become glucose in our blood that helps keep out blood running and help to keep its
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How Carboxylic Acids and Alcohols React to Produce Esters: Esters and Ester Production: Esters are abundant and ever present‚ and are the chemical basis of almost all fatty acids and oils. Small esters are responsible for the aroma of fruits‚ perfumes and‚ by extension‚ wines and other alcohols. Esters are formed when a carboxylic acid and an alcohol chemically combine‚ losing a molecule of water in the process. Carboxylic acids are organic molecular compounds that form a homologous series
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BCH3015 Organic Chemistry Name: Chun Ka Yuen (52180145) Group: C Date of experiment: 30/3/2012 Date of report: 3/4/2012 Experiment 5: Polymers Aim: This experiment is to prepare polymeric materials including polystyrene‚ Nylon6‚ 10‚ and cellulose triacetate. Introduction: A polymer consists of repeating subunits in the form of –A-A-A-A-A- or A-B-A-B-A-B-‚ where A and B are different subunits. These sub-units are typically connected
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Anatomy Review Sheet 2 Respiratory Nomenclature Upper Respiratory VS Lower Respiratory -Are separated by the larynx -Upper Respiratory is the conducting pathway; Histology: Pseudo Stratified Ciliated Columnar Epilithlial Tissue. -Lower Respiratory Tract is everything below the larynx‚ exchange pathway. Meaning perfusion. Histology: Simple‚ because you want more passive mechanisms of perfusion. -Terminal Bronchiole Alveoli The rate limiting step and the final common pathway that
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illustration‚ when alkaline phosphatase is added to a substrate called p-Nitrophenyl phosphate (colourless in alkaline solution)‚ a series of reaction takes place and eventually releases a product called p-nitrophenol (yellow in alkaline pH) by enzymatic hydrolysis. As more product formed‚ the solution turns yellow and this change in colour can be monitored by the spectrophotometer. This can be done by observing the colour changes over 20 minutes and record the value obtained as Vo (absorbance value). Moreover
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Abstract The spread of antibiotic resistance is a universal threat to both humans and animals for treatment of microbial infections. The antibiotic resistance is generally not preventable but can still be controlled. Prolonged and repeated use of antibiotic leads to many pathogen becoming resistant to antibiotics. The resistance may be either intrinsic or acquired depending on the condition. Although classically attributed to chromosomal mutations‚ resistance is most commonly associated with
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structure and properties. Keep in mind how their properties will affect how they interact with other molecules. 11. How do you build a polymer? How do you breakdown a polymer? Build by dehydration from monomers and take out wather‚ break down by hydrolysis add water to form monomers 12. Know the 4 major macromolecules. Here are some important things you should know from each category. a. Carbohydrates- Glucose‚ alpha-glucose-starch‚ beta-glucose-cellulose‚ monomer: monosaccharides‚ polymer:
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● Lysine is a base Physical properties: Polar‚ positively charged ● ● ● Highly reactive Hydrophilic Solubility: ^ soluble in cold water ● ● Reactivity: 0 Flammability: 1 (may be combustible at high temps Protein Structure Dehydration Hydrolysis Stabilizing Forces 1) Hydrophobic Interactions Non polar amino acids (leucine and phenylalanine are two examples). Weakest type of bond. 2) Hydrogen bonds: Polar or charged amino acids (example Tyrosine). Weak interaction but stronger than
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